Lord Mountbatten was the last Viceroy of India appointed by the Britishr rulers. Jawahar Lal Nehru became close friend of Lady Edwina Mountbatten. Due to their friendship and also because the British didn’t like Muslims, Hindus were favoured out of the way at the time of partition of India in 1947. (A glimpse of the nature of Edwina-Nehru friendship can be had by clicking here)
An Extract from Historical Facts recorded by an Indian Hindu, Jawahar Lal
The Punjab had 7 cities with populations over 100,000. Lahore 630,000, Amritsar 390,000. Rawalpindi, Multan, Sialkot, Ludhiana, and Jalandhar had populations between 100,000 and 200,000. Except Jalandhar, all had clear Muslim majorities. Jalandhar had Muslim majorities however, if non-Muslims of all types were grouped together, they became majority.
The overall religious distribution in Punjab, including the princely states, was 53% Muslim, 30% Hindu, 14.6% Sikh, 1.4% Christian, and 1% Other.
The Punjab can be divided into five areas.
(1) The west (Green & Dark Green), which was generally 80% or even 90% Muslim.
(2) The center-west (Blackish Green), which was majority Muslim, but typically around 60% with large Sikh minorities.
(3) The center-east (Blue & Dark Brown), with no obvious majority religion. This is where much of the worst carnage during Partition took place.
(4) The southeast, (brown & reddish Brown) the area south of the Area (3), in what is now Haryana. This part of the Punjab had a Hindu majority, but it was relatively narrow, and the communal split was Hindu/Muslim, with few Sikhs in the mix. In this map, Delhi is included as zone four, because communally and culturally, it was similar to the nearby parts of the Punjab. (5) Bright red & Brownish Red, the area North of Area (3) which now is called Himachal Pradesh. It was almost exclusively Hindu.
Boundry Commission nominated by the British Ruler announced it’s decision, known as Redcliff Award on August 17, 1947, that is, 3 days after the day when Independent Pakistan and India came in to being. In complete disregard of the agreed principles, Redcliff gave large Muslim majority area to India while it was the righ of Pakistan. See the map.
(1) West Punjab given to Pakistan (Green)
(2) East Punjab given to India (All areas other than Green)
The author writes, “To my eyes, this looks like an extremely favorable result for India. No Hindu/Sikh majority district went to Pakistan, while several swaths of Muslim majority territory ended up in Indian hands.”